Epidemic Regularity And New Control Techniques Of Pine Wood Nematode Disease in China

 Won the Second Prize of National Science and Technology Progress In 2017

Main Achievers:  Ye Jianren, Wu Xiaoqin, Chen Fengmao, Xu Liuyi, Hu Lin, Huang Lin, Hao dejun, Chai Zhongxin, Gao Jingbin

    Pine Wood nematode disease is the number one infectious disease in China, killing billions of pine trees over 30 years. Once the pine tree is infected, the whole tree will wither and die irreversibly, and spread rapidly. The situation of prevention and control is very serious. Prevention and control of the disease has always been a world problem. The project has solved a series of scientific and technological problems in the control of Pine Wood nematode disease in China by innovative research on major scientific and technological problems such as pathogen, epidemic law and control technology.

    1. The pathogenicity of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus was confirmed by pathogenicity and molecular mechanism for the first time. The Koch's law test for pathogen identification of Pine Wood Nematode (PWN) was carried out, which proved that PWN could cause pine wilt, and the pathogenicity of PWN was confirmed by PWN gene Bursaphelenchus xylophilus clarifies the academic controversy and confusion surrounding the etiology of the disease.

    2. The epidemic law of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus disease in China has been systematically revealed, and the key links of disease control and Prevention have been defined: Epidemic Surveillance, control of infected trees and control of vector insects. It reveals the regional characteristics of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus epidemic in China, and makes clear that the disease is mainly spread by human beings in China, and the main carriers of human transmission are epidemic wood, packing boxes, cable trays and optical fiber cable trays. The transmission period of Monochamus Alternatus, a naturally transmitted vector, is 25 days after emergence. The genetic difference of Pine Wood nematode population was found, and the transmission route of the disease among provinces was put forward.

    3. Initiate new technology of pine wood nematode disease prevention and control, solve the technical problem of the key link of pine wood nematode disease prevention and control. The first special automatic detection system of pine wood nematode. By optimizing the process of DNA cleavage of nematodes and automating the detection of specific fragments of nematodes, the direct detection of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus in pine samples was realized, and the detection process, result interpretation and output were automated. The technique of constant temperature amplification and test strip detection for Bursaphelenchus xylophilus. Cross-primer technique was used to amplify specific DNA fragments at constant temperature, and then combined with immunostrip technique to detect the presence or absence of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus in pine samples without PCR.

    4. The new technology has become the core of disease prevention and control, and the new technology has achieved remarkable results in disease prevention and control in 22 provinces of China. More than 90 testing centers have been set up, forming a national monitoring and quarantine technology network with Nanjing as the core. More than 50 training courses on new prevention and control technologies were held, with more than 3,500 participants.